Paper Details

PJB-2026-1509

Integrated nutrient management techniques can enhance growth and physio-biochemical responses of Moringa oleifera genotypes

Madeeha Kausar, Ejaz Ahmad Waraich(gandmra), Saddam Hussain and Muhammad Anwar Ul Haq
Abstract

---

Excessive use of synthetic fertilizers adversely affects the nutritional quality of Moringa oleifera L. and poses serious environmental risks. In contrast, organic amendments can sustainably enhance plant growth and nutrient accumulation by improving soil fertility and physiological efficiency. To address this, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the interactive effects of organic and inorganic amendments on the morpho-physiological, biochemical, and mineral responses of different M. oleifera genotypes. The experiment comprised two factors: (a) nutrient management strategies, including organic, inorganic, and integrated applications, and (b) genotypic variation, arranged under a completely randomized design (CRD). Results revealed that organic and inorganic amendments significantly enhanced plant height and leaf area index by 36% and 41%, respectively, compared with the control. Photosynthetic pigments and physiological parameters such as carotenoids, relative water content, photosynthetic rate, and stomatal conductance were also markedly improved, particularly under the integrated treatment (50% recommended fertilizer + Bacillus + compost). Antioxidant activities (SOD and CAT) and metabolite accumulation (total soluble proteins and phenolic contents) increased notably, accompanied by greater uptake of essential minerals (N, P, K, Ca, Fe, and Zn). Among the genotypes, Gulrez North Karachi (GNK) exhibited the most pronounced response across all measured attributes. Overall, the combined application of organic and inorganic amendments demonstrated superior performance over sole applications, indicating its potential as a sustainable and environmentally sound nutrient management approach to enhance M. oleifera growth, productivity, and nutritional value. These findings provide a scientific foundation for future studies exploring underlying molecular and signaling pathways

To Cite this article: Kausar, M., E.A. Waraich, S. Hussain and M.A. Ul Haq. 2026. Integrated nutrient management techniques can enhance growth and physio-biochemical responses of Moringa oleifera genotypes. Pak. J. Bot., 58(2): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30848/PJB2026-2(17)
Download PDF