NATURAL GROWTH SUBSTANCES AND WOOD DIFFERENTIATION IN BLUE PINE (PINUS WALLICHIANA, A.B. JACKS.).
ABSTRACT:
Twenty-five trees selected in a large Blue pine stand in Burban Forest in Murree Forest Division were studied for xylem cell formation and seasonal variation in the amount of natural growth subs¬tances. Auxin extracted during different periods of the season showed significant correlation with the radial diameter of tracheid, but no significant correlation was found between the rate and duration of the radial enlargement of differentiating tracheid and the auxin level. There was no significant correla¬tion in seasonal changes in natural auxin and cell wall thickness of tracheid. Significant correlation was found between cell wall thickness of tracheid and the duration of phase of maturation. Water soluble inhibitors showed significant correlation with the duration of phase of maturation.

OCCURRENCE OF TRANSFER CELLS IN THE SPOROPHYTE OF PTERIDIUM AQUIUNUM L.
ABSTRACT:
Cells with wall ingrowths called transfer cells were observed in foot cells of sporophyte of Pteri- dium aquilinum L. Gametophytic cells contiguous with foot cells of sporophyte also possessed wall in¬growths. Cell walls of foot cells of sporophyte immediately adjacent to the gametophyte, had wall ingrowths on both sides. Wall ingrowths or projections, irrespective of their distribution were always delimited by plasmalemma. The distribution of cell organelles in transfer cells and their possible role in transport of nutrients is discussed.

PLANTLET FORMATION IN ROOT CALLUS OF
ABSTRACT:
Using Benzylaminopurine (2 mg/1) and NAA (0.8 mg/1) root callus of Rauwolfia

STUDIES ON IN VITRO CULTURE OF ARACHIS HYPOGAEA HYPOCOTYL EXPLANTS
ABSTRACT:
Arachis hypogaea hypocotyl explants exhibited callus formation when inoculated on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with both an auxin and cytokinin. Although best callus resulted in 0.5 mg/1 of 2, 4-D and 1.0 mg/1 of K but it did not support further callus proliferation. 2, 4-D @1.0 mg/1 and K @ 4.0 mg/1 supported callus growth. Browning of callus tissues in subcultures for long duration was overcome by the addition of coconut milk (CM) and sodium diethyl dithio carbo¬nate (SDDC).

EFFECTS OF NaCl- SALINITY ON GROWTH AND PEROXIDASE ACTIVITY IN TRITICUM AESTIVUM L. VAR. CHANAB 70
ABSTRACT:
The effect of sodium chloride on the growth, phenolic, content and peroxidase activity of Tri ticum aestivum L. var. Chanab 70 was studied. High salt concentration retarded the root and shoot growth after 4 days of treatment, suppression of root growth was more than that of shoot presumably due to accumulation of ions. Decrease in peroxidase activity at -2 and -4 bar NaCl was coupled with the increase in total phenol level in the root tissues. Electrophoretic separation revealed that the peroxidases were markedly inhibited by increasing salt concentration after 2 days of treatment. Appearance of two new iso-enzymes after 4 days of treatment with -4 bar NaCl suggest

EFFECT OF SALINITY ON GROWTH AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF CUCUMBER, SNAKE MELON AND PEANUT
ABSTRACT:
Sand and gravel culture techniques were used to study the effect of irrigation with saline nutrient solution on dry matter yield and nutrient content of leaves and stems of cucumber, snake melon and peanut. Dry matter yield of cucumber and snake melon decreased at high salinity level. There was no effect of salinity upto 4000 ppm on the dry weight of peanut. Maximum fruit yield of snake melon was recorded at 2000 ppm salinity level while reproductive growth of cucumber and peanut was severely affected. Salinity caused accumulation of Na in leaf and stem of test plants where K, Ca, Mg,Fe and Mn significantly decreased with increasing salinity levels in all plant parts.

BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSE OF POTATO TO VARIOUS LEVELS OF SOIL MOISTURE TENSION
ABSTRACT:
Effects of soil moisture tension on yield and biochemical composition of potato tubers cv. Cardinal were investigated. Under moisture tension of 60 and 80% AWR, normal tuber initiation was affected and yield declined. Individual weight of tubers, increased under stressed conditions. Increase in water stress appeared to promote foliar concentration of chlorophyll-b associated with increase in specific gravity of the tubers. The reducing sugar content, however, behaved irregularly. There was decline in protein content, and rise in Total Glycoalkaloids (TGA) of the tubers. TGA under 80% AWR irrigation was found to cross the permissible limit deteriorating the quality of the tubers.

EFFECT OF
ABSTRACT:
A growth chamber study was conducted to

PHYTOTOXICITY OF FUMARIA INDICA ON WHEAT
ABSTRACT:
The allelopathic potential of Fumaria indica (Hausskn.) Pugsley was tested in laboratory experi¬ments. The aqueous extracts from the plant parts significantly inhibited germination and growth of Triticum aestivum L. var. Blue Silvar. The toxicity varied from part to part and also depended upon the amount of the plant material used, the soaking period and the freshness of the material assayed. Dry leaves were found to be highly toxic.

PHYTOSOCIOLOGY OF THE SUBKHA OF ZUARA
ABSTRACT:
Four plant communities were recognized in the Sabkha of Zuara. Sodium was the predominant cation in all sites yet on comparative basis following correlations are apparent: Limoniastrum – Salicornia community , high SAR and ESP; Salicornia –Arthrocnemum Community, high sodium, nitrates and high water table; Arthrocnemum-Limoniastrum Community, high Calcium , SAR and ESP, Limoniastrum – Salicornia-Zygophyllum Community, high potassium, total salinity and chlorinity. Arthrocnemum glaucum and Salicornia fruticosa were found to be reproducing well therefore they are likely to predominate the ‘’Sabkha’’ of Zyara in future.

GENETIC CHARACTERISATION OF GAMMA IRRADIATION INDUCED LEAF MUTATIONS IN MUNG BEAN (VIGNA RADI A TA (L) WILCZEK)
ABSTRACT:
Three new leaf mutants, serrated leaf, unifoliate and narrow leaf were induced in mung bean, Vigna radiata (L) Wilczek, following seed treatments with different exposures of gamma irradiation. The serrated leaf mutant was obtained in cultivar Fak 32 at 60 KR whereas unifoliate and narrow leaf mutants were obtained in cultivar 6601 at 30 KR and 60 KR doses, respectively, in the M2 generation. The serrated leaf mutant had relatively large thick leaflets with conspicuous deep serration of the margins as compared to the entire leaflets of the parent. The pollen fertility in the mutant lines ranged from 42-95%. The mutant behaved as monogenic recessive to normal. The gene symbols Sl/sl are proposed for this allelic pair. The unifoliate mutant was characterised by simple leaves instead of trifoliates whereas the narrow leaf

THE COSTATA MUTANT IN THE PEA CAUSED BY MUTATION IN THE LOCA lum-1, lum-2, lum-3, lum- 4, and lum-5.
ABSTRACT:
The costata mutant in the pea is characterized by green veins and yellowish green interveinal areas. Eleven cases of induced mutation have been reported and possibly one spontaneous. Eight of these induced cases was found to be due to mutation in the newly assigned gene lum-2, type- line assigned 5160, one to mutation in a previously investigated gene lum, here reassigned lum-1. Three mutants were found to be due to mutation in three different loca, different also from lum-1 and lum-2. These were assigned the symbols lum - 3, type-line 5443, lum - 4, type-line 5609, and lum-5, type-line 5937. Two further mutants probably belong to two further different loca but gene symbolization is pending further investigations.

DISTRIBUTION OF THE CYANOGENIC PHENOTYPE OF LOTUS CORNICULATUS L. IN THE MURREE HILLS, THE JHELUM AND THE SWAT VALLEYS OF NORTHERN PAKISTAN
ABSTRACT:
Sixteen Lotus comiculatus populations growing at altitudes ranging from 1036 to 2209 m were sampled for leaf-cyanogenesis. The areas chosen for this purpose were the Murree Hills, the Jhelum and the Swat valleys in the north of Pakistan. No evidence was obtained to suggest that there was any association between the distribution of the cyanogenic phenotype and altitude and hence cold temperature. All the populations sampled seemed to be monomorphic for the

SPONTANEOUS MUTAGENESIS IN WILD TYPE AND RADIATION DEFECTIVE MUTANTS OF CYANOBACTERIUM ANACYSTIS NIDULANS
ABSTRACT:
Comparative studies on the spontaneous mutation rate on eryr marker of wil& type cyanobac¬terium Anacystis nidulans and its UV sensitive (and UV resistant) mutants were carried out in order to determine the effect of repair processes affecting mutations. Some of the UVS and XRS mutations decreased the rate of spontaneous mutations while other similar mutations did not affect the level of spontaneous mutagenesis compared with the increased level of UV induced mutations. The process of spontaneous mutagenesis in cyanobacterium A. nidulans is controlled by complicated genetical systems that are responsible for radiation sensitivity of the cells. Moreover, the rate of spontaneous and induced mutagenesis was correlated in majority of the strains tested.

SEED STRUCTURE IN RELATION TO THE TAXONOMY OF THE ABUTILEAE (ABUTILON, ANODA, MODIOLA, SIDA, SPHAERALCEA AND UROCARPIDIUM)
ABSTRACT:
The general morphology and structure of the seeds of 17 species of the Abutileae (Malvaceae) have been studied using light and scanning electron microscopy. Relevance of seed structure to the tribal divisions of the family is discussed.

CUSCUTA VIOLACEUS (CUSCUTACEAE), A NEW SPECIES FROM PAKISTAN
ABSTRACT:
Cuscuta violaceus a new species of the family Cuscutaceae is described from Pakistan. During a review of the family Cuscutaceae in Pakistan, we examined all the herba¬rium specimens of genus Cuscuta present in Pakistani herbaria and the collection of this genus from Pakistan present in overseas herbaria. Rajput &

EPIUTHIC ALGAE FROM BALUCHISTAN
ABSTRACT:
Fifty two species of algae belonging to Cyanophyceae (18 spp.), Chlorophyceae (10 spp.), Bacillariophyceae (21 spp.) and Euglenophyceae (3 spp.), found growing upon stones or submerged stones in fresh water are reported from Baluchistan.

TAXONOMIC STUDIES ON SOME MEMBERS OF DICTYOTALES (PHAEOPHYTA) FROM THE COAST OF PAKISTAN
ABSTRACT:
Coast of Pakistan is represented by 8 genera of the order Dicyotales viz., Dictyota Lamx., Dic- tyopteris Lamx., Dilophus J.Ag., Lobophora J. Ag., Padina Adanson, Spatoglossum Kiitz., Stoe- chospermum Kiitz. and Stypopodium Kiitz. A key of the genera is given and the taxonomy and ana¬tomy of Lobophora, Spatoglossum, Stoechospermum and Stypopodium has been provided.

BIOASSAY STUDIES OF PHYTOPLANKTON OF COASTAL WATERS OF KARACHI IN RELATION TO HEAVY METAL POLLUTION: I. EFFECT OF COPPER AND LEAD ON SKELETONEMA COST ATI]M
ABSTRACT:
Toxic effects of copper and lead on a local diatom species Skeletonema costatum were studied using bioassay technique. Copper inhibited growth at a concentration of 10 Mg Cu I 1 and killed the cells at and above 30 Mg Cu l"1. Lead inhibited growth, the lowest tolerance limit being 50 Mg Pb l"1. The effect of both metals increased with age of culture and a significant inverse rela¬tionship existed between their concentrations and growth of the spccies. The combined effect of copper and lead on the species was synergistic.

EVALUATION OF
ABSTRACT:
Out of 9 fungicides tested In Vitro Tecto-60

ECOLOGICAL STUDIES OF FUNGI IN A TRICKLING FILTER TYPE SEWAGE PLANT OF KARACHI
ABSTRACT:
The occurrence, distribution and relative abundance of fungi was examined in a trickling filter type sewage treatment plant of Karachi. At least 50 species of filamentous fungi belonging to 25 genera were isolated from samples of waste water of Karachi using the dilution plate technique. Species dominance and diversity indices were used to determine the structure and organization of fungal communities. In the system examined, the dominance was high and the general diversity was of a low magnitude. Furthermore, dominance was inversely related with diversity and its two components - richness and equitability. These components were positively correlated with each other, however, equitability was relatively more important in governing the overall diversity of fungal communities.

OCCURRENCE AND PERIODICITY OF SAPROLEGNIACEAE IN YATELY LAKE
ABSTRACT:
Sixteen species of fungi were isolated and identified in the water samples of Yately Lake using hemp seeds as baits. Achlya americam, A. racemosa, Dictyuchus monosporus, Fusarium solani, Py- thium

SECONDARY CONIDIAL PRODUCTION IN ARTICULOSPORA TETRACLADIA INGOLD
ABSTRACT:
No Abstract