PJB-2018-1798
Antibacterial potential of a medicinally important plant Calamus aromaticus
Bilal Muhammad Khan, Jehan Bakht and Wajid Khan
Abstract
The potential of Gallic acid as a broad-spectrum antibiotic was established by evaluating five solvent extracted samples (crude extract and its four fractions) from the shade-dried (S-D) rhizomes of Calamus aromaticus through disc diffusion assay wherein 0.05 mg Ciprofloxacin was used as control. The results of the study indicated that Staphylococcus aureus and Citrobacter freundii were more susceptible to crude methanol extract from the shade-dried rhizome at 2 mg.disc-1 (53.3% and 47.0% respectively), Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae to hexane extracted fraction (50.3% and 43.0% respectively) while Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Xanthomonas campestris were more susceptible to ethyl acetate fraction at the same concentration (86.5%, 48.5% and 64.9% respectively). Staphylococcus aureus was most susceptible gram positive bacterium and Bacillus subtilis was comparatively more resistant. Among Gram negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed maximum susceptibility while Klebsiella pneumoniae revealed more resistivity in comparison to others. HPLC analysis of the extracts revealed that Gallic acid, an illustrative affiliate of phenols, was present in higher quantity in the organic solvents-extracted samples (38.4 mg.g-1 and 11.3 mg.g-1 in ethyl acetate and butanol fractions respectively) than in the aqueous fraction which provided a justification for its role in antibacterial activities.
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