ADDITION TO THE SPECIES OF DICTYOPTERIS LAMOUROX (DICTYOTALES) FROM KARACHI COAST
ABSTRACT:
Taxonomy and morpho-anatomical notes of 3 new records of the genus Dictyopteris Lamouroux from the coast of Karachi Pakistan is presented.

INCIDENCE OF NOCTILUCA SCINTILLANS (MACARTNEY) EHRENB., BLOOMS ALONG PAKISTAN’S SHELF
ABSTRACT:
Noctilusa scintillans (Macartney) Ehrenberg blooms were recorded during the later part of north-east monsoon season. They were strictly surface blooms and occurred mostly on the Indus Delta shelf of Pakistan. On three occasions they were observed forming red tides. The cause of their incident is not known, but it may be related to upwelling and prevailing estuarine conditions.

PHYCOCHEMICAL STUDIES SPATOGLOSSOM VARIABLE (DICTYOTALES, PHAEOPHYTA)
ABSTRACT:
From methanolic extract of Spatoglossom variable Figari et De Notaris , collected from the coast of Karachi , a saturated fatty acid (Palmitic acid) , 4 sterols (cholesterol; 24-mythelene cholesterol; 24-methyl cholesterol and myriosterol ) and spatane diterpenoid(19- acetoxy-5, 15, 18-trihydroxy spata -13, 16-diene) have been isolated and identified using GC-MS and 1H-NMR techniques . This seaweed is the second source for the occurence of myriosterol.

MYCOTOXINS AND OTHER SECONDARY METABOLITES IN SPECIES OF FUSARIUM ISOLATED FROM CAPSICUM, CORIANDER AND FENUGREEK
ABSTRACT:
Mycotoxins and napthaquinone pigments of seed-borne Fusarium moniliforme, F. subglutinans, F, semitectum, F. oxysporum, F. Equiseti and F. solani were investigated using Thin layer Chromatography. Equisetin, an antibiotic and a mild toxin, has been reported for the first time from several isolates of F. semitectum. Zearalenone , zearalenold, deoxynivalenol, moniliformin, anhydrofusarubin, fusarubin and bostrycoidin were detected from F. moniliforme, F. semitectum, F. Equiseti and F. solani. A simple dichotomous key has been proposed for the identification of 6 seed-borne Fusarium spp.The key is based on the TLC profiles of their

LOCATION OF FUNGI IN SUNFLOWER SEED
ABSTRACT:
Using ISTA technique , component plating of sunflower seed showed that pericarp was infected by greater number of fungi followed by seed coat, cotyledon and axis (radicle + plumule). Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, Fusarium solani (Mart). Sacc., and macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Gold., were also isolated from axis of the seed . Reduced number of fungal species in surface sterilized seed indicates that most of the fungi located on pericarp. Blotter method showed greater infection of fungi on seed parts followed by agar plate method.

BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF ROOR ROT DISEASES OF OKRA , SUNFLOWER , SOYBEAN AND MUNGBEAN
ABSTRACT:
Microbial antagonists viz, Trichoderma harzianum, Gliocladium virens, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Bacilus subtilis and Streptomyces. Sp., were used as seed treatment or as soil drench for the control of root rot disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctoniasolani and Fusarium spp., on okra, sunflower, soyabean and mungbean under field conditions . Significant reduction in M. phaseoline infection of okra, sunflower, soyabean and mungbean was produced by G. virens; T. harzianum and P. lilacinus reduced infection on soybean and okra; B. subtilis in soybean and sunflower while Streptomyces sp., was effective only on soybean. T. harzianum, G. virens; and P. lilacinus significantly reduced R. solani infection on okra, sunflower, soyabean and mungbean; B. subtilis and Streptomyces sp., on okra, sunflower, and soyabean. Infection of Fisarium spp., in okra and soybean significantly reduced by T. harzianum,

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT NATURAL BAITS ON ZOOSPORE AND OOSPORE PRODUCTION BY TWO PYTHIUM SPECIES
ABSTRACT:
Pieces of Zea leaf were found to be a good substrate for the production of zoosporangia and zoospores in Pythium. Deciduous leaf pieces were a good substrate for oogonial production by Pythium aquatile and P. disstocum . Spore production was related to temperature : P. aquatile produced more zoospores and oogonia at 5oC whereas the optimum for P. dissotocum spore production was closer to 15oC.

OCCURRENCE OF MAIZE DWARF MOSAIC VIRUS IN MAIZE
ABSTRACT:
From naturally infected maize hybrid (YH 202) showing mosaic symptoms , Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus was isolated. It was mechanically transmissible only to hosts belonging to Gramineae. Partially purified preparation showed large number of flexous rods measuring about 750-800 nm in length. On the basis of host range and particle morphology the virus was tentatively as Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus (MDMV) This is the first report of the occurrence of MDMV in maize from Pakistan.

SPECIFIC CONTROL OF MUTABILITY BY THE SFM ELEMENT OF GENE REGULATION IN ANTIRRHINUM MAJUS
ABSTRACT:
The Sfm, regulatory element controls the mutability of standard pal-rec-sd allele in the form of shifts in Antirrhinum majus. Another allele of the pallida series shows an extremely reduced , or no level of instability when homozygous; an heterozygous condition of which with pal-tub pal-tub tester can bring about changes of the ‘low’ gene in the form of mutabikity shifts . Evidence have been presented to show that the introduction of Sfm

SOMACLONAL VARIANT PLANTS OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)WITH INCREASED FLAG LEAF SIZE, HEAD SIZE AND GRAIN NUMBER
ABSTRACT:
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell., 2n = 6x = 42) callus cultures of 3 spring wheat cultivars (Glennson, Pavon , PAK-16171) were selected for 90 days on medium containing 0, 10, 15, 20 and 25% (w/v) PEG-4000. Somaclonal variation was examined in the R1 generation. Comparisons were made among the somaclones and their non-tissue cultured parents . Characteristics examined included days to 50% heading , flag leaf length , width nand area; plant height; spike length; number of grains per spike and days to maturity . Significant variation was found in all the characteristics measured. The most remarkable were observed in the flag leaf length and area , 3 to 4 times greater in somaclones 71B88R1, 71C88R1 and 71D88R1 and 2 to 3 times greater in somaclones PA88R1 and PB88R1 than the parent lines. The somaclones produced longer spikes and yielded more grains per spike than the parent lines.

HYBRID VIGOUR IN VIGNA MUNGO L.
ABSTRACT:
Heterosis over mid, better and top parent values for yield and yield components were conducted in complete diallel involving 5 parents of mash viz., S 58, S 60, S 222, S 535, and NARC 87All belonging to local origin . Bi directional (both for crosses and characters)

PATH ANALYSIS IN MASH (VIGNA MUNGO L.)
ABSTRACT:
Studies regarding correlation and path coefficient in 48 local genotypes of mash (Vigna mungo L.) were undertaken to find out important traits contributing towards grain yield. Observations were taken on days to maturity , plant height, branches per plant, pods per plant, pod length, seeds per pod , 100 seed weight . biological yield per plant, harvest index and grain yield per plant. All the characters had positive correlation with grain yield per plant. It was significant with pods per plant and biological yield per plant. Path analysis revealed that branches per plant, pod length, harvest index and biological yield per plant had positive direct effects on grain yoeld . Biological yield and harvest index may be exploited in selecting high yielding cultivars in mash.

HETEROSIS IN INDIAN MUSTARD BRASSICA
ABSTRACT:
F1 hybrids of a 3 parent complete diallel crosses including reciprocals of 3 Brassica juncea L.,

MICROPROPAGATION OF MELIA AZEDARACH FROM MATURE TISSUE
ABSTRACT:
Proliferating shoot cultures were established from nodal bud segments excised from a mature Melia azedarach tree. Highest proliferation rate was observed in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with BAP (1.0mg/l). Rooting of shoots in vitro was achieved in MS medium containing 1.0-2.0 mg/l of IBA. Phenotype pf the plantlets was similar to the plant from which the explants were obtained.

BIOLOGY OF GREWIA TENAX COMPLEX (TILIACEAE) FROM PAKISTAN
ABSTRACT:
Grewia tenax (Forssk) Fiori was hitherto considered as a highly polymorphic taxon . A biological study of this complex from Pakistan indicates the existence of two distinct taxa viz., G,tenax(Forssk) Fiori and G. erythraea Schweinf. G. tenax is characterized by having taller growth habit, ovate-acute leaves and deeply 4 –lobed

EFFECT OF SALINITY ON RESOURCE ALLOCATION PATTERN OF INDIGOFERA OBLONGIFOLIA FORSK., A PALATABLE DESERT LEGUME
ABSTRACT:
Resource allocation pattern of Indigofera oblongifolia Forsk., was studied in relation to salinity. The plant responded to salinity plastically and tended to enter the reproductive phase little earlier. Reproductive allocation (RA) declined progressively with increase of salts in the root zone. There was proportionate increase in vegetative allocation (VA). Net reproductive effort (NRE) of the treated plants declined to 0- 4.5% in comparison to that 0-12% in the control. Number of pods and seeds per plant declined with salinity. Number of seeds per pod remained unaffected and averaged four. The distribution of seeds among pods was distinctly normal I. oblongifolia, with more vegetative growth, appears to be a K-strategist on the r-K- continum and to fall in the category of S- strategist on R-C- and S- strategy model.

GREEN HOUSE EVALUATION OF SELECTED
ABSTRACT:
Post emergence herbicides Acifluorfen (5-2 chlore-4-tri-fluoremethyl) Phenoxy-2- nitrobenzoicacid), Bentazon (3-(1-methylethyl)-